Importance: Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects one third of patients after cardiac surgery and increases morbidity and mortality. AKI lasting over 48 hours, known as persistent AKI (pAKI), has much worse outcomes. Hemodynamic optimization is cornerstone of AKI management, however, current strategies rely on bundled care interventions that are inconsistently implemented, underscoring the need for […]
Exploring Neglected Tropical Diseases in Somalia: A Scoping Review of Research Efforts and Gaps
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) comprise 20 chronic and debilitating conditions that affect over 1.7 billion people worldwide, predominantly in marginalized and impoverished communities. In Somalia, the prevalence of NTDs is fueled by limited access to clean water, inadequate sanitation, and insufficient healthcare infrastructure, which disproportionately affect vulnerable groups such as women, children, and rural populations. […]
Hepatitis C transmission and progression among people who have injected drugs in Singapore: Modelling treatment for eradication
Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) disproportionally affects people who inject drugs (PWID), posing a public health challenge. The high incarceration rate among PWID provides an opportunity for screening and treating individuals with chronic HCV infection in correctional facilities. Methods We developed a deterministic age-structured model to characterise the HCV transmission among PWID both inside and […]
Organizational Factors to Improve Quality of Maternal and Newborn Healthcare in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Effect Poisson Regression Analysis
Poor quality maternal and neonatal healthcare contributes to preventable deaths, birth complications, and long-term health disabilities. Organizational factors have a significant contribution for key maternal and neonatal health indicators improvement. A facility-based pre-post interventional evaluation design was deployed. Package of interventions were implemented in a phased approach. The study was conducted in three regions in […]
XPF mediates 3′ flap processing for FEN1-independent Okazaki fragment maturation
Okazaki fragment maturation (OFM), the process that removes RNA-DNA primers, is a major source of DNA replication stress and mutations. It involves Poldelta-mediated DNA strand displacement synthesis that produces 5′ flaps, FEN1-mediated 5′ flap cleavage, and LIG1-catalyzed nick ligation. Recently, we discovered that under stress conditions, yeast cells convert 5′ flaps into 3′ flaps, which […]
STING activation reshapes the tumor microenvironment leading to tumor regression in osteosarcoma
Osteosarcomas are characterized by a high degree of aneuploidy, chromothripsis and micronuclei, yet these tumors typically have an immunosuppressive, macrophage-rich, T-cell depleted tumor microenvironment. cGAS-STING dysregulation is a possible mechanism by which immune activation in response to tumor genomic instability could be repressed. We identified almost universal repression of cGAS or STING in human osteosarcomas. […]
Cross-Country Differences in Self-Rated Health: Decomposing the Influence of Depressive Symptoms
Background: Despite extensive research on self-rated health (SRH), the extent to which mental health is a component part of SRH assessments and whether this relationship varies by country remains underexplored. This study quantifies the contribution of depressive symptoms to self-rated health and assesses cross-national variation in this association. Methods: Using general population data from older […]
Clonal Hematopoiesis and Risk of Stroke: Evidence from Over 800,000 Individuals Across Three Cohorts
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a common age-related condition that increases risk for cardiovascular disease. However, its relationship with stroke remains uncertain: some studies have reported a significant association between CHIP and stroke risk, while others, including large biobank analyses, found no association after adjustment. To resolve these conflicting findings, we analyzed genomic […]
Assessment of Tap Water Quality and Health Risks in Mymensingh City, Bangladesh
This study assesses the domestic water supply status, physicochemical quality, and associated health risks in a region reliant on groundwater-derived tap water. A cross-sectional survey revealed that 89% of households depend on tap water, yet 78% express significant concerns about its safety, prompting inconsistent treatment practices (45% treat water "seldom"). Physicochemical analysis of tap water […]
Association between adverse childhood experiences and future cardiovascular disease risk in a population with Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome stage 0-3: Depression symptom plays a mediating role
Background: While adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), their association with CVD risk among individuals already at high risk due to Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate this relationship and to evaluate the potential mediating role of depression symptoms. Methods: This longitudinal study included 6,113 […]