Communities relying on drinking-water storage routinely document containers as a reservoir for pathogens when they are not properly cleaned. Although lab-based research provides guidance on cleaning protocols, gaps remain in understanding: 1) what methods are practiced, and 2) method effectiveness at reducing biofilm growth. In partnership with AFMAC, this pilot explored biofilm contamination in household […]

Restoration of Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida) reefs can deliver ecological and public-health co-benefits. Characterization of the microbiome can provide valuable insights towards reef health but remains underused especially in San Francisco Bay. To overcome this gap, we applied shotgun metagenomics to oyster tissue, water, sediment, and biofilm collected from five San Francisco Bay sites (Loch […]

Background Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) is a leading cause of sepsis among hospitalised neonates and commonly causes outbreaks. Lack of surveillance data from low- and middle-income countries hampers development of vaccines and new measures to control infections. We describe the genomic epidemiology of Kpn neonatal infections admitted to Kenyan hospitals. Methods We analysed clinical and genome […]

CoA transferases play essential roles in short-chain fatty acid metabolism by catalyzing the reversible transfer of CoA groups between acyl substrates. However, how their activities are regulated in response to cellular metabolic states remains unclear. Here we identify a dual regulatory mechanism of a CoA transferase from Thermus thermophilus, which is controlled by both interaction […]

Neutrophil function declines with age, but little is known about the changes in neutrophil metabolism that take place in older people and people with frailty. We used 1H-NMR spectroscopy to investigate the metabolomic and lipidomic profiles of blood neutrophils from healthy younger (HY) and older (HO) people and older people with frailty (FR), to identify […]

Nitrogen (N) is essential for bacterial growth, and adaptation to N starvation involves extensive reprogramming of gene expression. A hallmark subcellular feature in long-term N starved Escherichia coli cells is the presence of biomolecular condensates of the major bacterial RNA regulator Hfq. The Hfq condensates, which accumulate gradually during N starvation, contribute to adaptation by […]

Migraine is a prevalent and disabling neurological disorder, characterized by difficulties in regulating headache activity, sensory processing, and cognitive-emotional states. Brain entropy quantifies the complexity of neural dynamics, where reduced entropy may reflect diminished neural adaptability, but its assessment with fMRI in migraine remains limited. Here, we examined alterations in brain entropy and their associations […]

Objective To investigate whether delayed school entry (DSE) benefits outcomes related to everyday functioning and participation in very preterm-born children. Methods We conducted a systematic review according to Cochrane standard. Additionally, we analyzed data of 1620 children born before 32 weeks of gestation at five and ten years from a prospective cohort study. Children with […]

Background: Epilepsy research centres in Europe and Asia have reported the correlation between S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta (S100B) and epilepsy. However, whether S100B has clinical diagnostic value has been debated. This epilepsy study developed a long-term research plan to resolve this controversy, divided into three simple phases. Methods: The first phase is mainly observational […]

Anorexia nervosa (AN) profoundly alters brain structure, yet the large-scale organization of the cortex under severe nutritional stress remains poorly understood. In this study, we map cortical architecture in 50 patients with AN and 40 healthy controls using Morphometric INverse Divergence (MIND), a multivariate framework integrating multiple morphometric features into cortical similarity networks. Patients showed […]