IntroductionThe increasing development of large language models (LLM) in healthcare research is taking place without patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE). Part of the challenge is the lack of accessible educational resources to promote literacy around LLMs.MethodsWe employed a co-design approach with 6 PPIE contributors from Tower Hamlets, London to develop educational animations about […]
Navigating ethical, regulatory, and implementation barriers to AI in healthcare: pathways toward inclusive digital health in low-resource settings—a scoping review
BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize healthcare delivery in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), yet its rapid adoption raises complex ethical, regulatory, and implementation challenges. This review investigates these barriers and identifies emerging strategies that support equitable and inclusive AI deployment in resource-limited settings.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, a […]
The association of transformer-based sentiment analysis with symptom distress and deterioration in routine psychotherapy care
Sentiment analysis has been of long-standing interest in psychotherapy research. Recently, the Transformer deep learning architecture has produced text-based sentiment analysis models that are highly accurate and context-aware. These models have been explored as proxies for emotion measurement instruments in psychotherapy, but not investigated as stand-alone psychometric tools. Using proposed utterance-level and session-level sentiment features […]
Exploring plausible futures for artificial intelligence in rural healthcare: insights from participatory foresight methods
BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform rural healthcare delivery through automated monitoring, personalised care, and virtual support. Yet the future pathways for AI in rural contexts remain underexplored. Most AI applications are developed in urban-centric environments with limited consideration for infrastructure constraints, workforce realities, and sociocultural dynamics that shape rural healthcare delivery.MethodsThis study […]
Artificial intelligence approaches to predicting treatment non-adherence in chronic diseases: a narrative review
Medication non-adherence affects 40%–50% of chronic disease patients globally, causing preventable morbidity and substantial healthcare costs. Traditional adherence monitoring approaches are retrospective and reactive, limiting timely intervention. Artificial intelligence and machine learning offer novel approaches for prospective adherence risk prediction, enabling anticipatory, resource-efficient interventions. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on AI-based non-adherence prediction across […]
A framework for generative AI-driven extraction of clinical user needs in pediatric device development
IntroductionGenerative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is becoming an important tool in medical product development. A main component of this development includes annotating, summarizing, and extracting key insights from expert interviews to identify clinical pain points and curate device requirements. These tasks are time- and labor-intensive, resulting in increased administrative burden and reduced efficiency. As a result, […]
ArcMAP – ML assisted medical concept mapping to accelerate NHS data standardization
The increasing use of electronic health records (EHRs) for real-world evidence (RWE) studies is hindered by substantial heterogeneity in data collection practices and local coding schemes across healthcare providers. Data standardization—particularly the mapping of locally defined medical concepts to standardized vocabularies—is therefore a critical but labour-intensive step, traditionally relying on extensive manual review by clinical […]
Mobile health apps for older adults: real-world evidence on engagement and medication adherence
IntroductionA rapidly aging global population is placing increasing strain on healthcare systems. Digital health (mHealth) applications may support older adults in managing chronic conditions and adhering to medication, yet this population is often underrepresented in research. This study aimed to investigate engagement, retention, and adherence among adults aged ≥65 years using the Perx Health mobile […]
Global English-language-dominated discourse on artificial intelligence in healthcare: a three-year longitudinal analysis of the #AIinHealthcare movement on X
BackgroundSocial media platforms facilitate global discourse on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of longitudinal analyses of digitally mediated discussions.ObjectiveTo investigate the evolution of global English-language-dominated discourse on #AIinHealthcare over a three-year period on X (formerly Twitter).MethodsUsing Fedica analytics, we analysed 57,880 tweets by 17,991 distinct users across […]
Cost-effectiveness analysis of a telemedicine network for acute neurological care in northeast Germany (ANNOTeM)
BackgroundExpert neurological care in rural areas remains a major challenge and contributes to disparities in outcomes after acute neurological emergencies. To address this gap, the ANNOTeM project established a comprehensive, digitally enabled “hub-and-spoke” telemedicine network connecting academic neurology centers with regional hospitals in northeast Germany, providing 24/7 remote expertise, standardized operating procedures, and digital quality […]
Essential Oil-enhanced digital hypnotherapy for subclinical generalized anxiety: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
BackgroundSubsyndromal generalized anxiety is highly prevalent and associated with impaired well-being, elevated stress, and functional limitations, yet affected individuals often do not meet criteria for guideline-based treatment. Scalable, low-threshold digital interventions that target psychophysiological regulation may help address this gap. Guided self-hypnosis and aromatherapy using essential oils have each demonstrated anxiolytic and relaxation-promoting effects. Combining […]
Engagement, motivation, or sustained attention? Rethinking the effects of technology in autism
Technology-based interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are frequently justified on the grounds that digital tools “increase engagement” and “enhance motivation.” However, across domains such as robot-assisted therapy, immersive environments (virtual and augmented reality), and ICT-based educational applications, outcomes labeled as engagement are often derived from observable indicators including gaze, time-on-task, interaction duration, task adherence, […]