arXiv:2605.09366v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Transforming neuroimaging data into clinically actionable biomarkers is a knowledge-intensive and labor-intensive process. Standardized workflows such as fMRIPrep have improved robustness and efficiency, but they are statically configured and cannot reason about downstream objectives, deliberate over alternative strategies, or close the loop between intermediate evidence and subsequent decisions in the […]
Score Function Gradient Estimation to Widen the Applicability of Decision-Focused Learning
arXiv:2307.05213v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Many real-world optimization problems contain parameters that are unknown before deployment time, either due to stochasticity or to lack of information (e.g., demand or travel times in delivery problems). A common strategy in such cases is to estimate said parameters via machine learning (ML) models trained to minimize the prediction […]
Value-Free Policy Optimization via Reward Partitioning
arXiv:2506.13702v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Single-trajectory preference optimization methods learn from datasets of ((prompt, response, reward)) tuples, offering a practical alternative to pairwise preference learning by directly leveraging scalar feedback. Existing approaches such as Direct Reward Optimization (DRO) have demonstrated promising results but rely on value function estimation, introducing additional variance, optimization complexity, and sensitivity […]
Catch-Only-One: Non-Transferable Examples for Model-Specific Authorization
arXiv:2510.10982v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent AI regulations increasingly emphasize the need for mechanisms that preserve the utility of data for AI innovation while preventing misuse, particularly by enforcing purpose limitation in downstream AI applications. In practice, enforcing this principle remains challenging, as released data can be trivially fed into arbitrary models beyond its declared […]
InFerActive: Interactive Tree-Based Exploration of LLM Sampling for Safety Evaluation
arXiv:2512.10234v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Even LLMs that appear safe during evaluation can still produce harmful responses in deployment. Because stochastic sampling yields different responses to the same prompt, low-probability harmful outputs can still reach users at scale. Common human evaluation workflows generate many random samples per prompt and review them in static spreadsheets. The […]
Product-Aware Deep Autoencoders for Robust Process Monitoring in Multi-Product Cyber-Physical Systems
arXiv:2606.00052v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As Industry 4.0 accelerates the integration of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) in manufacturing, robust anomaly detection has become critical for ensuring process safety and security. Current data-driven approaches typically employ “product-agnostic” or global models trained on the aggregate of all normal operating data. However, modern industrial facilities frequently operate under diverse […]
naPINN: Noise-Adaptive Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Recovering Physics from Corrupted Measurement
arXiv:2602.02547v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are effective methods for solving inverse problems and discovering governing equations from observational data. However, their performance degrades significantly under complex measurement noise and gross outliers. To address this issue, we propose the Noise-Adaptive Physics-Informed Neural Network (naPINN), which robustly recovers physical solutions from corrupted measurements […]
A Structured Benchmark for Text-Guided Anomaly Detection: When Language Stops Conditioning the Decision
arXiv:2606.01992v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Industrial anomaly detection has historically been a unimodal task. Recent multimodal vision-language models have produced systems that admit textual input alongside the image and are presented as enabling text-guided zero- and few-shot inspection. Yet these methods are evaluated with protocols inherited from unimodal benchmarks that hold the textual condition constant […]
You Can Learn Tokenization End-to-End with Reinforcement Learning
arXiv:2602.13940v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Tokenization is a hardcoded compression step which remains in the training pipeline of Large Language Models (LLMs), despite a general trend towards architectures becoming increasingly end-to-end. Prior work has shown promising results at scale in bringing this compression step inside the LLMs’ architecture with heuristics to draw token boundaries, and […]
Task-Aligned Self-Supervised Learning for Medical Image Analysis: A Systematic Review and Practical Design Guidelines
arXiv:2605.23995v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for addressing the annotation bottleneck in medical imaging by learning representations from unlabeled data. However, its effectiveness depends heavily on the design of the pretext task and its alignment with the downstream clinical-objectives. We present a systematic, task-oriented review of SSL […]
AgentDS Technical Report: Benchmarking the Future of Human-AI Collaboration in Domain-Specific Data Science
arXiv:2603.19005v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Data science plays a critical role in transforming complex data into actionable insights across numerous domains. Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) and artificial intelligence (AI) agents have significantly automated data science workflow. However, it remains unclear to what extent AI agents can match the performance of human experts […]
Equilibrium Propagation for Non-Conservative Systems
arXiv:2602.03670v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Equilibrium Propagation (EP) is a physics-inspired learning algorithm that uses stationary states of a dynamical system both for inference and learning. In its original formulation it is limited to conservative systems, $textiti.e.$ to dynamics which derive from an energy function. Given their applications, it is important to extend EP to […]