arXiv:2606.06570v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Malware detection remains largely reactive: machine learning models trained on known samples degrade as threats evolve. Understanding evolutionary relationships among malware families can inform proactive defense, but traditional reverse engineering can take months to years to uncover such lineage relationships. We propose MalTree, a framework that applies bioinformatics inspired phylogenetic […]
Building Better Activation Oracles
arXiv:2606.02609v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Activation Oracles (AOs) are promising methods for interpreting residual stream activations. However, current AOs face important issues, such as hallucinations and vagueness. Additionally, text-inversion confounds make them hard to evaluate. To this end, we improve the Activation Oracle (AO) training regime in four ways: training on on-policy rollouts, improving the […]
From Privacy to Workflow Integrity: Communication-Graph Metadata in Autonomous Agent Interoperability
arXiv:2606.07150v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agent-interoperability protocols such as A2A and MCP standardize what agents say to one another, but assume address-based transport over HTTP(S). Such transports protect message content, increasingly with end-to-end encryption. What they leave in the clear is the communication graph: which agent contacts which, when, and how often. In agent systems […]
Accelerated Fourier SAT (AFSAT): Fully Realising a GPU-based Symmetric Pseudo-Boolean SAT Solver
arXiv:2606.06641v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present Accelerated Fourier SAT (AFSAT), a GPU-accelerated solver for pseudo-Boolean satisfiability based on continuous local search (CLS). AFSAT realises the proof-of-concept approach, FastFourierSAT, into a fully-engineered solver supporting any heterogeneous mixture of symmetric constraint types and lengths within a single problem instance. Using the JAX compiler, AFSAT leverages pure […]
Attention-Guided Autoencoder Fusion for Insulator Defect Detection Using UAV Transmission-Line Imaging
arXiv:2606.06536v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Automated defect detection in high-voltage transmission-line insulators remains challenging due to severe class imbalance, large scale variation, and the small spatial extent of defect instances in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery. To address these challenges, this paper proposes AE-YOLO, an Attention-Guided AutoEncoder-Enhanced YOLO framework for robust insulator defect detection. The […]
Trading Engagement for Sustainability: Carbon-Aware Re-ranking for E-commerce Recommendations
arXiv:2606.04550v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: E-commerce recommender systems strongly influence which products users consider and purchase, yet sustainability signals such as Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) are almost never available at catalog scale. We study carbon-aware product recommendation in the realistic setting where PCF labels are missing for most items and must be inferred. We first […]
Which Anatomy Matters Under Limited Labels? A Data-Efficient Anatomy-Aware Benchmark for Cardiac Pathology Prediction
arXiv:2606.06509v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Numerous medical imaging problems must be solved under limited labels and constrained compute, yet it remains unclear whether performance gains are driven mainly by more expressive models or by better representation of clinically meaningful anatomy. We study this question through a low-data anatomy-aware benchmark for 5-class cardiac pathology prediction on […]
Off-Policy Evaluation with Strategic Agents via Local Disclosure
arXiv:2606.07308v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study off-policy evaluation (OPE) under strategic behavior where decision subjects (or agents) respond to a decision maker’s policy by strategically modifying their covariates. Such behavior induces a policy-dependent covariate shift, breaking the standard assumption in existing methods that covariates are exogenous to the policy. Related work addresses this challenge […]
Act As a Real Researcher: A Suite of Benchmarks Evaluating Frontier LLMs and Agentic Harnesses in Research Lifecycle
arXiv:2606.07462v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As foundation models advance and agent scaffolding becomes increasingly sophisticated, agents have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in complex, long-horizon coding tasks and even autonomous experiment execution. Despite their evolution from research assistants into autonomous research agents, these systems still exhibit significant limitations in field sensitivity, research ethics, and nuanced scientific judgment. […]
Think Fast: Estimating No-CoT Task-Completion Time Horizons of Frontier AI Models
arXiv:2606.07157v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many efforts to ensure frontier AI models are safe rely on monitoring their chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning. If models become able to perform sufficiently complex reasoning internally, without explicit thinking tokens, this would undermine such oversight. We measure how well frontier models reason without CoT across a suite of over 30,000 […]
Coordinated optimization of departure sequencing and section-track allocation in railway short-term concentrated departure scenarios based on qubo and hybrid quantum algorithms
arXiv:2606.06543v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: This study examines the coordinated optimization of departure sequencing and section-track allocation in railway short-term concentrated departure scenarios. A quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) model is formulated to represent departure-position assignment and section-track selection within a unified binary framework. Because the quality of a dispatching scheme depends on time-dependent operational […]
What Matters When Cotraining Robot Manipulation Policies on Everyday Human Videos?
arXiv:2606.06627v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Human video datasets used for cotraining robot manipulation policies largely consist of curated demonstrations where motions are orchestrated to resemble robot behavior and 3D hand poses are captured with specialized hardware. A more plentiful source of data is everyday Internet video, but it is an open question what factors enable […]