Real-Time Segmentation and Classification of Birdsong Syllables for Learning Experiments

Songbirds are essential animal models for studying neuronal and behavioral mechanisms of learned vocalizations. Bengalese finch (Lonchura striata domestica) songs contain a limited number of

Insertion of rare autism variants in synaptic genes induce novel behavioral phenotypes in C. elegans

Neurodevelopmental conditions and disorders, including autism, involve a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and developmental factors. Despite this complexity, genetic studies have identified more than

Quinazolinone and Phthalazinone Inhibitors of the HDAC6/Ubiquitin Protein-Protein Interaction

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a class IIb histone deacetylase that regulates diverse cytosolic acetylation through its two catalytic deacetylase domains and a C-terminal zinc

5′ RNA Aminoacylation via Interstrand Acyl-Transfer

The catalytic transformations driving coded protein synthesis revolve around linkage of amino acids to molecules of RNA as 2’/3′-aminoacyl esters. This defining molecular species of

Molecular basis for thermoresponsive protein condensation in plants

Plants continuously experience temperature fluctuations that shape their physiology, development, and survival. Yet, how plants sense and adapt to elevated temperatures at the molecular level

Digestive system cancer mortality trends by age and sex in Peru, 2001-2020, and projections to 2030

December 20, 2025

Background: Digestive system cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. This study aimed to identify changes in digestive system cancer mortality in Peru (2001-2020) by age and sex, and to predict trends through 2030. Methods: Death records for digestive system cancers (anus, colon, esophagus, stomach, liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, small intestine, pancreas, rectum, biliary tract, and gallbladder) in Peru were analyzed from the World Health Organization mortality database for 2001-2020. Crude mortality rates (CMR) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) per 100,000 inhabitants were calculated by sex, as well as sex ratios and the difference in ASMR between the study period endpoints. Trends were evaluated using Joinpoint regression, and projections to 2030 were performed using the Age-Period-Cohort model with the Nordpred package in R. Results: On average during the period, a digestive system cancer CMR and ASMR of 23.47 and 27.32, respectively, were identified; stomach cancer presented the highest mortality in the study period. During this time, colon cancer surpassed liver cancer as the second leading cause of mortality, with a 65.0% increase in ASMR, representing the largest increase variation between 2001-2020. Conversely, esophageal cancer showed the greatest reduction, with a 25.8% decrease. Regarding projections, we found that between 2021 and 2025, compared to 2020, an increase in ASMR would occur in both sexes only for biliary tract cancer; and this increase is projected to affect six of the ten cancer types during the 2026-2030 period for both sexes. Conclusion: Mortality patterns were heterogeneous, with marked increases observed from 2016 to 2020. Projections suggest a subtle reduction in the 2021-2025 period followed by a resurgence between 2026 and 2030, particularly for colon, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, rectum, and biliary tract cancers. Strengthening prevention and early detection strategies is crucial.

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