The Socotra Cormorant (Phalacrocorax nigrogularis) is a threatened seabird endemic to the coastal areas of the Arabian Gulf and the Arabian Sea, two regions separated by the Strait of Hormuz. Conserving threatened species requires clear delineation of population boundaries and the evaluation of genetic diversity. However, information on population structure and genetic variation, necessary for […]
Gallium induces cytotoxicity through disruption of DNA synthesis rather than ferroptosis
Background: Gallium (Ga) is a promising anti-tumor agent; however, its precise molecular targets in osteosarcoma remain debated. While current paradigms largely attribute its toxicity to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferroptosis, understanding its true mechanism is essential for overcoming therapeutic resistance. This highlights the need for interdisciplinary approaches, such as metabolomics, to unveil novel vulnerabilities […]
Wind pattern oscillations explain seabird movements at-sea: a nested multiscale approach
Wind has a strong influence on the flight characteristics, movements, energetics, demography, life-history traits and biogeography of flying animals. With climate change affecting atmospheric circulation patterns at different time scales, understanding the links between wind and animal movements is crucial for predicting its impact on flying biodiversity. Most studies on the relationship between wind and […]
Nonuniform scaling of cerebellar cortical-nuclear architecture across primates revealed by cross-species atlases
The cerebellum shapes distributed motor and association networks through precisely organized pathways linking the cerebellar cortex to the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN), its principal output structures. Whether these cortical and nuclear compartments scale proportionally across primates and how their relative expansion influences large-scale brain organization remains unclear. We generated multimodal, high-resolution cross-species 3D cerebellar atlases […]
The fate of mutations on Y chromosomes andautosomes: a unified Wright-Fisher frameworkaccounting for segregation time
Understanding how mutations evolve on Y chromosomes is central to explaining the origin, diversity and persistence of sex chromosomes. Mutations occurring on the Y chromosome in sexual populations experience selective dynamics that differ markedly from those on autosomes, due to a reduced effective population size and the presence of large non-recombining regions containing alleles maintained […]
Activation of DMH GABAergic neurons, but not local GABAergic AgRP neurons, attenuates chronic stress-induced POMC neuron hyperactivity
Identifying the neural circuits engaged and reshaped by chronic stress is critical for understanding how adaptive responses shift to maladaptive behaviors that contribute to stress-related disorders. Our previous work demonstrates that chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) induces a persistent increase in the firing activity of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC). This hyperactivity is […]
Sphingolipid remodelling in SPT-related neuropathies
Sphingolipid homeostasis is critical for neuronal structural and functional integrity in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The rate-limiting enzyme of this pathway, serine-palmitoyltransferase (SPT), establishes the metabolic entry point into sphingolipid biosynthesis. Mutations in the SPT subunits, SPTLC1 and SPTLC2 lead to contrasting disease phenotypes in patients, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and hereditary […]
The intestinal immune response is influenced by nutritional-status and increased physical activity level
Beyond its role in digestion and barrier function, the intestine is an energy-responsive organ that actively regulates molecular metabolism. Whether and how lifestyle interventions regulate intestinal metabolism at both tissue and molecular levels remain unclear. Here, we show that both chronic exercise and dietary energy density drive robust, segment-specific intestinal remodeling. Voluntary wheel running in […]
Targeting TPO/MPL Signaling to Mitigate JAK2V617F-driven Cardiac Microvascular Disease
Background: Individuals with JAK2V617F-mutant myeloproliferative neoplasms or clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential have a markedly increased risk of cardiovascular disease, yet the mechanisms by which mutant blood cells drive vascular and cardiac dysfunction remain incompletely understood. Although the thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor MPL is central to hematopoiesis and is expressed in vascular endothelial cells (ECs), its […]
Hidden regenerative state in planarians: A geometric model of bioelectric memory using Tangential Action Spaces
Planarian fragments can regenerate with normal gross anatomy after a transient bioelectric perturbation yet display altered outcomes upon re-cutting, implying that regeneration can store a persistent hidden state. Here we formulate an open-path version of Tangential Action Spaces (TAS) for this setting. Regeneration after a given cut is represented as a prescribed coarse anatomical trajectory […]
Linking Genetic Risk to Disease-Relevant Cellular States via Metacell-Informed Modeling with ICePop
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have implicated thousands of loci in complex diseases, but translating these population-level signals into specific cellular contexts remains a central challenge. Integrating GWAS with single-cell transcriptomics data has enabled systematic identification of disease-relevant cell types, yet existing methods face a fundamental tradeoff: approaches like seismic that optimized for statistical power operate […]
Module-selection balance in the evolution of modular organisms
The architecture of the genotype-phenotype-fitness map (GPFM) is a key determinant of evolutionary dynamics. One salient feature of biological GPFMs is variational modularity, where each mutation affects only a small subset of functional traits. Variational modularity may constrain the dynamics of trait evolution, but these constraints are not well understood. Here, we use several extensions […]