Background: The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines on nutrition for cancer patients provides evidence based dietary recommendations that is routinely deployed by dieticians in oncology settings. Although these can be culturally adapted, they do not adequately address inter individual variability in treatment related gastrointestinal symptoms and appetite, issues that increase malnutrition […]
Meta analysis of glucose metabolism across Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and ALS Reveals emergence of adaptive brain glucometabolic responses and associated neurological functional profiles
Importance: Glucose metabolic dysregulation in brain is a common feature of late-onset age-associated neurodegenerative disease (A2ND). Prior meta-analyses have identified disease-specific effects compared to healthy, unimpaired individuals. Yet, a unifying A2ND glucose dysregulation spatial signature remains undescribed. Objective: To determine the common signature of dysregulated glucose metabolism on FDG-PET using activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses […]
Imaging solute transportation along the posterior lymphatic pathway in the ocular glymphatic system in healthy human participants
Background: Recently, a posterior pathway for fluid drainage from the retina to the meningeal lymphatics in the optic nerve (ON) sheath was identified in rodents using intravitreal imaging tracers directly injected into the ocular-globe. Fluid and solute clearance along this pathway may be associated with many diseases. However, intravitreal tracers are rarely used in clinical […]
National Validation of a Dual-Outcome Risk Score for Trial of Labor After Cesarean: A Population-Based Analysis of 477,693 Deliveries
Objective: To externally validate, at the national level, a cumulative risk score for vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) success and neonatal morbidity derived from single center data. Methods: We conducted a population based cohort study of all trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) attempts among term, singleton deliveries recorded in the Centers for Disease Control […]
A Randomized Controlled Trial of N-Acetylcysteine in the Treatment of Early-Onset Preeclampsia: Study Protocol
Background: Despite significant advancements in obstetric care, the incidence of preeclampsia remains a substantial public health challenge, and effective strategies to prevent the disease progression remain limited, particularly in low-resource settings. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant and glutathione precursor, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory effects, making it a promising candidate for repurposing. However, robust evidence from […]
Genetic loss of JAK1 and cutaneous HPV infection
Background: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) pose a severe threat to global public health by driving nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and cervical cancer, with NMSC being one of the most common cancers worldwide. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is an inborn error of immunity characterized by an increased susceptibility to persistent infection of cutaneous HPV and a high risk […]
ClinicRealm: Re-evaluating large language models with conventional machine learning for non-generative clinical prediction tasks
npj Digital Medicine, Published online: 08 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02539-z ClinicRealm: Re-evaluating large language models with conventional machine learning for non-generative clinical prediction tasks
Three-dimensional topography of Descemet’s membrane in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy using laser scanning confocal microscopy and white-light interferometry
Aim: To evaluate the potential of a three-dimensional microscope combining Laser scanning confocal imaging and white-light interferometry for quantitative topographic characterisation of Descemet’s membrane (DM) in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). Methods: Descemet’s membranes were collected from 38 FECD patients undergoing endothelial keratoplasty and 4 healthy donors. After flat-mounting on glass slide and drying, specimens […]
Experiential acceptance during an episode of anxiety: Conceptualizing the process of acceptance through a qualitative study
Introduction Experiential acceptance refers to the capacity to be open to internal experiences without attempting to change or avoid them. Although acceptance is a core emotion regulation strategy within mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions (MABIs) and a protective factor for mental health, its conceptualization and implementation remain unclear and ambiguous. The aim of this study was […]
Distinguishing Relapse from Reinfection in Recurrent Tuberculosis: A Genomic and Epidemiologic Study in Brazil
Background: Tuberculosis recurrence accounts for a substantial proportion of incident tuberculosis in many settings. Distinguishing between its mechanisms can inform public health interventions for prevention. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of individuals with multiple culture-confirmed TB episodes and available sequential isolates from 2012 to 2023 in Dourados and Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul […]
EcoRxAgent: an AI agent for generating economically substitutable prescriptions
npj Digital Medicine, Published online: 08 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02612-7 EcoRxAgent: an AI agent for generating economically substitutable prescriptions
State-Dependent Parameter Relevance in Intensive Care: Syndrome-Specific Centroids Improve Orbit-Based Mortality Prediction from AUC 0.59 to 0.83 in 59,362 Predictions
Background: The Therapeutic Distance framework (Paper 1) achieved AUC 0.61 for orbit-based mortality prediction in 11,627 sepsis patients. We hypothesised that incorporating state-dependent parameter relevance would substantially improve prediction. Methods: We extended the framework to 84,176 ICU patients from MIMIC-IV v3.1 across 16 clinical syndromes. Validation included full-population leave-one-out (n=59,362), head-to-head comparison against SAPS-II and […]