Inference of population history from genetic data relies, implicitly or explicitly, on the distribution of coalescence times, because population size changes, migration, and admixture all leave characteristic signatures in genealogies. The distribution of pairwise coalescent rates in particular has emerged as a popular target for demographic inference methods. However, pairwise coalescent rates have limited power […]
A Joint Promoterome-Proteome Atlas Highlights the Molecular Diversity of Human Skeletal Muscles
More than 600 distinct skeletal muscles constitute up to 40% of the total mass of the human body. Human skeletal muscles differ in anatomical position, morphology, origin, and function, but the diversity of their molecular phenotypes, the gene expression and protein abundance profiles, remains poorly explored. Here, we report the large-scale CAGE-Seq promoterome profiling of […]
Neurophysiological correlates of processing Agreement and Tense in Arabic
Most syntactic approaches converge on the fact that Tense and Agreement are two different functional categories, although there is less agreement on their exact representation and relative hierarchical order. Cross-linguistic agrammatic data seems to support the difference between Tense and Agreement, with patterns of dissociation reported from agrammatism between them, in which Tense is generally […]
Intrinsic disorder in elicitin-like effectors: Molecular shields in the arms race of biotrophic pathogens
Plant pathogens establish colonization through effector secretion to modulate host immune responses. Within bacterial effectors intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) contribute to diverse functions and pathogenicity, but their role in effectors of phytopathogenic oomycetes remains poorly understood. Here, analysis of oomycete secretomes across lifestyles reveal widespread intrinsic disorder in secreted proteins, particularly in apoplastic elicitin and […]
Kinematics-based assessment of reaching and grasping movements in LRN ablated animals identifies a role for the LRN in endpoint stabilization and reach timing.
The lateral reticular nucleus (LRN) is thought to contribute to skilled forelimb control but its specific contributions to reaching and grasping remain unclear. In this paper, we examine skilled reaching in intact adult female Long-Evans rats after bilateral LRN ablation through single-pellet reaching tasks. Tasks were analyzed using sensitive quantitative kinematic analyses and qualitative behavioral […]
Topographic structure and function of locus coeruleus norepinephrine neurons
Norepinephrine (NE) is released throughout most of the central nervous system by neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC). We found a relationship between the morphologies, gene expression, and activity of LC-NE neurons in mice. Axonal projections of individual neurons were extensive but largely confined to subsets of brain regions. Axonal projections and graded gene expression […]
Digital Health Technology Use Among Rehabilitation Professionals in China: Multi-Province Cross-Sectional Survey
Background: The rapid expansion of rehabilitation needs in China has intensified pressure on a workforce that remains unevenly distributed. Digital health technologies (DHTs) offer potential to increase service reach and efficiency. However, little is known about how rehabilitation professionals currently gather and document clinical information, nor about their readiness to integrate digital tools into routine […]
Goal Setting and Anchoring Effects on Meditation Using a Digital Platform: Large-Scale Digital Field Study
Background: Meditation has grown in popularity in recent years, but many people who try meditation often fail to establish a habit. Goal setting has been demonstrated to be an effective technique in behavior change in other health-related contexts but is understudied in the meditation context. Objective: This study had 2 objectives: (1) to assess the […]
Innovations in Deaf Health Care Communication: Systematic Review of Sign Language Recognition Systems
Background: Deaf individuals often face communication challenges when interacting with those who can hear. Within health care settings, these challenges may pose risks to their safety, potentially resulting in misdiagnoses, treatment errors, and decreased quality of care. Objective: This study aims to systematically review the evidence on communication systems reported in the literature that use […]
Misinformation in Social Media Narratives on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: Systematic Content Analysis of Facebook and Instagram Posts
Background: Recurrent outbreaks of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) virus in farmed poultry, and reports of infections in dairy cattle herds in the United States since March 2024, have triggered concerns about the spillover threat to human populations and a subsequent influenza pandemic. The increasing threat that H5N1 poses to human health […]
Digital Discourse, Secondary Victimization, and Psychological Harm: Mixed-Methods Analysis of System Justification in the #MeToo Movement
Background: The #MeToo movement, initiated in 2006 and amplified on social media in 2017, mobilized women worldwide to share experiences of sexual harassment and assault online. While the movement increased awareness, it also revealed deep social divisions in digital spaces. Supportive discussions promoted solidarity and healing, whereas antagonistic responses reinforced backlash and secondary victimization. In […]
Do We Need Distinct Representations for Every Speech Token? Unveiling and Exploiting Redundancy in Large Speech Language Models
arXiv:2604.06871v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Speech Language Models (LSLMs) typically operate at high token rates (tokens/s) to ensure acoustic fidelity, yet this results in sequence lengths that far exceed the underlying semantic content, incurring prohibitive inference costs. In this paper, we empirically revisit the necessity of such granular token-level processing. Through layer-wise oracle interventions, […]