The disparity between the production and demand of recombinant proteins (r-proteins) has significantly hindered their commercial viability. Leveraging genomic resources offers substantial promise in enhancing our comprehension of metabolic and regulatory networks, thus facilitating the development of highly productive protein cell factories. However, the considerable gap between high-throughput strategies for monitoring r-protein secretion and genome […]
Existence and Localization of a Limit Cycle in a Class of Benchmark Biomolecular Oscillators
Oscillatory behaviour is important in multiple biological contexts. However, the inherent nonlinearity and high dimensionality of mathematical models in biology makes proving the existence and the localization of limit cycle oscillations challenging. Here, we provided an elementary proof for the existence and a method for rigorously localizing the oscillatory solutions in a class of benchmark […]
Cognitive Vergence and Pupil Response During Oddball Task are Associated With Alzheimers Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurodegenerative Biomarkers
Background: Alzheimers disease (AD) can be diagnosed using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflecting amyloid and tau pathology. However, it provides no information about functional network status. We aimed to determine whether CSF biomarkers (AB 42, p-Tau, t-Tau, and AB 42/p-Tau ratio) are associated with altered stimulus differentiation in vergence and pupil responses during an oddball […]
Effects of hypoxia and low temperature on female physiology and reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster
Because hypoxia and low temperature independently alter metabolism and reproductive investment, their interaction provides a tractable framework for testing whether combined stressors produce non-additive physiological and reproductive effects. Here, we investigated the single and combined effects of hypoxia and low temperature in Drosophila melanogaster across multiple genetic backgrounds. We quantified metabolic rate, thermal tolerance, body […]
Transcriptomic insights into triploid seed failure in Arabidopsis arenosa natural populations
Polyploidy is a key evolutionary force in plants; among its many consequences, hybridization between diploids and polyploids is restricted due to the "triploid block". While the molecular mechanisms of this postzygotic barrier are extensively studied in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, our understanding of the triploid block in natural systems remains limited. Here, we investigated […]
Evolutionary branching of male emergence timing: Trade-offs and variance asymmetry as drivers of dimorphism.
Classical models of protandry predict unimodal male emergence timing, yet empirical observations in butterflies and bees reveal dimorphism: early-emerging small males coexist with late-emerging large males. The evolutionary mechanisms underlying such discrete alternative reproductive strategies in emergence timing remain poorly understood. In this study, we developed a mathematical model using an adaptive dynamics framework to […]
Proton tunneling at the ryanodine receptor Ca2+ activation site provides temperature-invariant noise for robust Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release
Ryanodine receptor (RyR)-mediated calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) is a regenerative trigger-to-release mechanism used in diverse cell types. RyRs amplify small calcium signals into large, localized surges that drive autonomous oscillation, excitation-contraction coupling, pulsatile secretion, neurotransmitter release, or memory formation. Robust RyR function depends on the probability of RyR recruitment remaining within an operating range as […]
Rare variants alter mitochondrial lipid homeostasis and neuronal excitability in PD patient-derived dopaminergic neurons
Parkinson’s disease (PD) exhibits substantial genetic heterogeneity, yet how combinations of rare variants converge on disease-relevant cellular mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we generated human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons from PD patients carrying rare variants in recently implicated genes and performed integrated electrophysiological, proteomic, lipidomic, and genetic analyses. Patient-derived neurons showed reduced membrane capacitance […]
A Paired-Object Protocol for Validating Feature Salience in Rodent Exploration: Evidence that Ecology Predicts Which Features Matter
Object-based tasks are widely used in rodent behavioral research, yet object selection remains largely unsystematic. We present a paired-object validation protocol in which objects differ along one researcher-defined feature, allowing assessment of whether that feature is salient to the animal. Using six object pairs varying in height, color, shape, or aperture presence, we tested two […]
Gut Microbiota Mediates the Association between Diet Quality and Ectopic Adiposity: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study
Background: Higher-quality diets have been associated with lower levels of ectopic fat deposited in the viscera and liver, which is hypothesized to be mediated in part by the gut microbiota. Objectives: We tested this hypothesis in a multi-ethnic imaging study using global (microbiome-wide) testing as well as a high-dimensional multiple-mediators regression framework to identify bacterial […]
Humans as predator of the biosphere: technological modulation of consumer/resource dynamics and its implications for sustainability
Humans are just another species on Earth, but modern telecoupled societies and their socioeconomies impose immense consumption demands on the biosphere, detaching from common ecological rules. Starting from a simple ecological consumer/resource model, with humans as the consumers and terrestrial organic carbon (i.e., the biosphere) as the resource, we assume that technology modulates both human […]
Electrophysiological properties of mesodiencephalic junction neurons projecting to the inferior olive
Neocortex has the largest volume, while cerebellar cortex houses most neurons of the mammalian brain, underscoring paramount functions for interactions between them. Neocortex projects to the cerebellum via both the mossy fibre and climbing fibre system; whereas the mossy fibres find their origin in the pons, the climbing fibres are relayed via the subnuclei of […]