Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized, in part, by repetitive, sequential behaviors, such as cleaning rituals, yet underlying neural circuitry related to abstract sequencing in OCD remains poorly understood. Prior work has implicated a set of cortical regions activated during abstract sequences, which are defined by rules rather than specific stimulus features (Desrochers et al., 2022). […]
Large language model inference of macromolecular complex composition via model consensus and experimental data integration
Large language models (LLMs) are poised to reshape how biologists retrieve specialized knowledge at scale. Yet their performance on deep, domain-specific queries is poorly defined because much biological information resides in structured databases or large experimental datasets rather than in a free text format. One such gap in cellular biology lies in identifying major macromolecular […]
Flow-driven delivery boosts antibiotic effectiveness by overwhelming bacterial defenses
Physical, chemical, and biological factors collectively determine antibiotic effectiveness. However, laboratory studies often consider only one or two of these factors and fail to capture key interaction effects. Here, we use microfluidics to study the interplay of host-relevant shear flow, the antibiotic gentamicin, and the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We discover bacterial populations can defend […]
Layer 6 corticothalamic neurons show diverse and dynamic responses that support a role in cortical gain control in noisy environments
Listening in complex environments requires the enhancement of relevant sounds and suppression of irrelevant ones. Corticothalamic neurons (CTNs) in auditory cortex layer (L) 6 provide modulatory feedback to thalamic nuclei and to upper cortical layers and are thought to be involved in gain control. However, their role in auditory processing remains unclear. We used in […]
Cohesin collisions maintain ordered nucleosome architecture at boundaries and promoters
Abstract Cohesin is best known for its role in loop extrusion, while nucleosome phasing at regulatory elements is usually attributed to local DNA-bound factors and remodelers. Here we identify a previously unrecognized role for cohesin-mediated extrusion in maintaining local nucleosome architecture at CTCF sites and transcription start sites. Using single-molecule nano-NOMe-seq during SCC1 depletion, cell-cycle […]
Play vocalizations induce affective bias in reward learning and memory in orangutans
Affective biases, or shifts in learning and decision-making driven by affective states, are central to human cognition. Translational studies in rodents have shown that pharmacological and stress manipulations alter reward valuation, but how positive social signals shape these processes remains poorly understood. Here, we adapted the Affective Bias Test (ABT), a translational rodent assay of […]
Carbon concentrating mechanism and growth response of the diatom P. tricornutum to changes in Zn and carbonate chemistry
The efficiency of marine diatom carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) play a critical role in photosynthesis and enable cells to maintain rapid growth rates under a variety of environmental conditions. To assess the plasticity of the model diatom P. tricornutums CCMs, specifically carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes and bicarbonate transporters, we measured growth response, bulk CA activity, […]
Associations Between Mukbang Watching and Appetite, Nutrition, and Quality of Life in Pediatric Patients with Cancer: Intensive Longitudinal Study
Background: Malnutrition is prevalent among children with cancer and is often exacerbated by diminished appetite. To combat this, hospitalized children are increasingly adopting mukbang, a popular online eating show genre. Objective: This study aimed to assess the associations between mukbang watching and appetite, nutrition, and quality of life in children with cancer. Methods: From September […]
The Use of Speculative Fiction in Future-Focused Health Care Research
Health care is undergoing rapid change due to digitalization, artificial intelligence, data-driven decision-making, and shifting patient needs. These developments raise complex ethical, social, and organizational questions that cannot always be addressed by conventional research methods alone. There is a growing need for tools that help stakeholders imagine alternative futures to surface underlying values. Futures studies […]
Effectiveness of a Blended Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Among Office Employees: Randomized Controlled Trial
Background: Regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) reduces the risk of noncommunicable diseases, yet one-third of adults globally fail to meet MVPA recommendations. Office employees, among the least active groups, face heightened risks due to prolonged sedentary behavior and barriers like lack of time, fatigue, and low motivation. Although scalable, web-based interventions frequently face challenges, such […]
Measuring eHealth Literacy in the European Economic Area, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom: Scoping Review
Background: Digital tools continue to evolve and have the potential to improve health care delivery. However, they are associated with challenges, including accessibility issues and health misinformation. Individuals need eHealth literacy (eHL) to reliably use these tools, and providers require appropriate eHL measurement approaches to offer targeted solutions. For around 2 decades, researchers have been […]
Cardiac Arrest Survivors’ Perspectives to Inform the Co-Design of a Web-Based Support and Learning Platform: Qualitative Content Analysis
Background: Survivors of cardiac arrest often face multifaceted challenges—cognitive, emotional, physical, and existential—that extend beyond clinical recovery. Despite these long-term consequences, follow-up care is often insufficient, and access to reliable information and support remains limited. Broader initiatives to address post–cardiac arrest care are still lacking. This qualitative study represents the initial phase of a multiphase […]